# Glossary¶

this page lists and explains the terms used in the input file.

## DICE¶

extension
Expansion of the interpolation line (i.e. extension of the CO2 values). It cannot be performed for any other purposes (EVAP, etc.). It is defined in section 3 of Annex I of Regulation (EC) No 692/2008.
bifuel
A vehicle with multi-fuel engine, capable of running on two fuels.
incomplete
A vehicle that must undergo at least one further stage of completion before it can be considered complete.
atct_family_correction_factor
Family correction factor used to correct for representative regional temperature conditions (ATCT).
wltp_retest
It indicates which test conditions have been subject to retesting (see point 2.2a of Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2018/2043). Input can have multiple letters combination, leave it empty if not applicable.
parent_vehicle_family_id
The family identifier code of the parent.
regulation
It indicates if WLTP test has been performed in accordance with point 5.1.2 of Annex VIII to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011.
vehicle_family_id
The family identifier code shall consist of one unique string of n-characters and one unique WMI code followed by ‘1’.
input_type
It indicates the data input type, i.e. Pure ICE, NOVC-HEV, or OVC-HEV.

## Model Inputs¶

fuel_type

It refers to the type of fuel used during the vehicle test. The user must choose the correct one among the following:

• diesel,
• gasoline,
• LPG,
• NG,
• ethanol,
• methanol,
• biodiesel, and
• propane.
engine_fuel_lower_heating_value
Lower heating value of the fuel used in the test, expressed in [kJ/kg] of fuel.
fuel_heating_value
Fuel heating value in kwh/l: Value according to Table A6.App2/1 in Regulation (EU) No [2017/1151][WLTP].
fuel_carbon_content_percentage
The amount of carbon present in the fuel by weight, expressed in [%].
ignition_type
It indicates whether the engine of the vehicle is a spark ignition (= positive ignition) or a compression ignition one.
engine_capacity
The total volume of all the cylinders of the engine expressed in cubic centimeters [cc].
engine_stroke
It is the full travel of the piston along the cylinder, in both directions. It is expressed in [mm].
idle_engine_speed_median
It represents the engine speed in warm conditions during idling, expressed in revolutions per minute [rpm]. It can be measured at the end of a WLTP test.
engine_n_cylinders
It specifies the maximum number of the engine cylinders. The default is 4.
engine_idle_fuel_consumption

It measures the fuel consumption of the vehicle in warm conditions during idling. The idling fuel consumption of the vehicle, expressed in grams of fuel per second [gFuel/sec] should be measured when:

• the velocity of the vehicle is 0,
• the start-stop system is disengaged,
• the battery state of charge is at balance conditions.

For CO2MPAS purposes, the engine idle fuel consumption can be measured as follows: just after a WLTP physical test, when the engine is still warm, leave the vehicle to idle for 3 minutes so that it stabilizes. Then make a constant measurement of fuel consumption for 2 minutes. Disregard the first minute, then calculate idle fuel consumption as the average fuel consumption of the vehicle during the subsequent 1 minute.

final_drive_ratio
It is the ratio of gearbox output shaft to driven wheel revolutions. If the vehicle has more than one final drive ratio, it has to be left blank and use the final_drive_ratios.
final_drive_ratios
It specifies the final-drive ratios for each gear.
tyre_code

The code of the tyres used in the WLTP/NEDC test (e.g., P195/55R16 85H). CO2MPAS does not require the full tyre code to work, however at least provide the following information (e.g., 195/55R16):

• nominal width of the tyre, in [mm];
• the ratio of height to width [%]; and

In case that the front and rear wheels are equipped with tyres of different radius (tyres of different width do not affect CO2MPAS), then the size of the tyres fitted in the powered axle should be declared as input to CO2MPAS. For vehicles with different front and rear wheels tyres tested in 4x4 mode, then the size of the tyres from the wheels where the OBD/CAN vehicle speed signal is measured should be declared as input to CO2MPAS.

gear_box_type
The type of gearbox among automatic transmission, manual transmission, continuously variable transmission (CVT) or planetary (exclusively for hybrid vehicles fitted with a planetary gearset).
start_stop_activation_time
It is the time elapsed from the beginning of the NEDC test to the first time the Start-Stop system is enabled, expressed in seconds [s].
alternator_nominal_voltage
Alternator nominal voltage [V], i.e. the nominal voltage of the service battery.
alternator_nominal_power
Alternator maximum power [kW], i.e. the rated power of the electric machine.
service_battery_capacity
Capacity [Ah] of the service battery, e.g. the low voltage battery.
service_battery_nominal_voltage
Service battery nominal voltage [V] as described in Appendix 2 to Sub-Annex 6 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) No [2017/1151][WLTP].
initial_temperature
The initial temperature of the test cell during the test. It is used to calibrate the thermal model. The default value is 23 °C for WLTP and 25 °C for NEDC.
alternator_efficiency
It is the ratio of electrical power out of the alternator to the mechanical power put into it. If not expressed by the manufacturer, then it is by default 0.67.
gear_box_ratios
It defines the ratios of engine to gearbox output shaft revolutions.
They are rotational speed setpoints defining the engine full load curve expressed in RPM.
They are power values defining the engine full load curve expressed in kW.
vehicle_mass
• For the WLTP: it is the simulated inertia applied during the test on the dyno [kg]. It should reflect correction for rotational mass mr as foreseen by WLTP regulation for 1-axle chassis dyno testing. (Regulation 2017/1151; Sub-Annex 4; paragraph 2.5.3).
• For the NEDC: it is the inertia [kg] class of NEDC without the correction for rotating parts [kg].
f0
It corresponds to the rolling resistance force [N] when the angle slope is 0 applied to the Dyno during the test cycle. This is defined by Dyno procedure.
f1
It corresponds to the resistance $$[\frac{N}{kmh}]$$ function of the velocity applied to the Dyno during the test cycle. This is defined by Dyno procedure.
f2
It corresponds to the aerodynamic resistance $$[\frac{N}{{kmh}^2}]$$ applied to the Dyno during the test cycle. This is defined by Dyno procedure.
co2_emission_low
It is the CO2 emissions bag value [g|CO2|/km] of WLTP low phase, not corrected for RCB and not rounded.
co2_emission_medium
It is the CO2 emissions bag value [g|CO2|/km] of WLTP medium phase not corrected for RCB and not rounded.
co2_emission_high
It is the CO2 emissions bag value [g|CO2|/km] of WLTP high phase not corrected for RCB and not rounded.
co2_emission_extra_high
It is the CO2 emissions bag value [g|CO2|/km] of WLTP extra high phase not corrected for RCB and not rounded.
depleting_co2_emission_value
It is the combined CO2 emissions value [g|CO2|/km] of the charge depleting tests.
fuel_consumption_value
It is the combined fuel consumption [l/100km] of the test not corrected.
sustaining_fuel_consumption_value
It is the combined fuel consumption [l/100km] of the charge sustaining test not corrected.
rcb_correction
It says if the RCB correction has to be (or has been) performed.
speed_distance_correction
It says if the speed distance correction has to be (or has been) performed.
corrected_co2_emission_value
It is the combined CO2 emissions value [g|CO2|/km] corrected for RCB (if applicable), speed & distance (if applicable), Ki factor (if applicable), and ATCT (MCO2, C, 5 values from appendix 4 to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151).
corrected_sustaining_co2_emission_value
It is the combined CO2 emissions value [g|CO2|/km] of the charge sustaining test corrected for RCB (if applicable), speed & distance (if applicable), Ki factor (if applicable), and ATCT (MCO2, C, 5 values from appendix 4 to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151).
declared_co2_emission_value
It is the declared CO2 emissions value [g|CO2|/km]. Value should be corrected for RCB (if applicable), speed & distance (if applicable), Ki factor (if applicable), and ATCT (MCO2, C, 5 values from appendix 4 to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151).
declared_sustaining_co2_emission_value
It is the declared CO2 emissions value [g|CO2|/km] of the charge sustaining test. Value should be corrected for RCB (if applicable), speed & distance (if applicable), Ki factor (if applicable), and ATCT (MCO2, C, 5 values from appendix 4 to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151).
declared_depleting_co2_emission_value
It is the declared CO2 emissions value [g|CO2|/km] of the charge depleting tests. Value should be corrected for RCB (if applicable), speed & distance (if applicable), Ki factor (if applicable), and ATCT (MCO2, C, 5 values from appendix 4 to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151).
transition_cycle_index
Index of the transition cycle according to entry 2.1.1.4.1.4 of Appendix 8a to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151. The transition cycle is the cycle before the confirmation cycle (where the break-off criterion is satisfied) in the charge-depleting sequence. In the transition cycle the operation of the vehicle can be partly charge-depleting and partly charge-sustaining.
relative_electric_energy_change
The Relative Electric Energy Change (REEC) is a measure of the discharge of the vehicle traction REESS during the Charge Depleting test. It is calculated as the energy battery balance over the cycle divided by cycle energy, according to paraghraph 3.2.4.5.2 of Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.
wltp_electric_range
The cycle-specific equivalent all-electric range (EAER) is an indication of the distance that the vehicle can drive using electric energy, according to paraghraph 4.4.4 of Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.
nedc_electric_range
The NEDC electric range, calculated according to paragraph 4.2.2.1 of Annex 9 to UN Regulation 101, is an indication of the distance that the vehicle can drive using electric energy.
n_wheel_drive
It specifies whether the test is conducted on 2-wheel driving or 4-wheel driving.
engine_is_turbo
It specifies if the air intake of the engine is equipped with any kind of forced induction system set like a turbocharger or supercharger.
has_start_stop
It specifies if the start-stop system shuts down the engine of the vehicle during idling to reduce fuel consumption and it restarts it again when the footbrake/clutch is pressed.
has_energy_recuperation
It specifies if the vehicle is equipped with any kind of brake energy recuperation technology or regenerative breaking.
has_torque_converter
It specifies if the vehicle is equipped with a torque converter.
fuel_saving_at_strategy
It allows CO2MPAS to use gear at constant speed driving higher than when in transient conditions, resulting in a reduction of the fuel consumption.
has_periodically_regenerating_systems
It specifies if the vehicle is equipped with periodically regenerating systems (anti-pollution devices such as catalytic converter or particulate trap). During cycles where regeneration occurs, emission standards need not apply. If a periodic regeneration occurs at least once per Type 1 test and has already occurred at least once during vehicle preparation or the distance between two successive periodic regenerations is more than 4000 km of driving repeated Type 1 tests, it does not require a special test procedure. In this case, Ki factor should be set to 1.0 (ki_multiplicative), or 0.0 (ki_additive).
engine_has_variable_valve_actuation
It specifies if the engine is equipped with technologies that are used to enable variable valve event timing, duration and/or lift. For example, Valve Timing Control (VTC) — also referred to as Variable Valve Timing (VVT) systems - and Variable Valve Lift (VVL) or a combination of these systems (phasing, timing and lift variation).
has_engine_idle_coasting
It specifies if the engine is allowed to idle during vehicle coasting in order to save fuel.
has_engine_off_coasting
It specifies if the engine is allowed to turn off during vehicle coasting in order to save fuel.
engine_has_cylinder_deactivation
It specifies if the engine has a cylinder deactivation system. If yes provide the active cylinder ratios in the tab active_cylinder_ratios.
active_cylinder_ratios

They are the plausible deactivation ratios. For example, in the case of an 8-cylinder engine, a 50% deactivation (4 cylinders off) or a 25% deactivation ratio (2 cylinders off) are plausible.

Note that the active_cylinder_ratios always start with 1 (all cylinders are active) and then the user can set the corresponding plausible ratios.

has_lean_burn
It specifies if the vehicle has lean-burn (LB) technology. This technology refers to the burning of fuel with an excess of air in an internal combustion engine.
has_gear_box_thermal_management
It specifies if the temperature of the gearbox is regulated from the vehicle’s cooling circuit using a heat-exchanger, heating storage system or other methods for directing engine waste-heat to the gearbox. Gearbox mounting and other passive systems (encapsulation) should not be considered.
has_exhausted_gas_recirculation
It specifies if a portion of an engine’s exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders to reduce NOx emissions. The technology does not concern internal (in-cylinder) EGR.
has_selective_catalytic_reduction
It specifies if the vehicle has the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system active (Urea), or passive (Ammonia) to reduce NOx emissions.
n_dyno_axes
It defines the Dyno rotating axis used during the test.
kco2_wltp_correction_factor
CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2) for charge sustaining battery energy balance correction. Paragraph 2.3.2 of Appendix 2 of Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.
kco2_nedc_correction_factor
CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2) for charge sustaining battery energy balance correction. Paragraph 5.3.5 of Annex 8 of UNECE Regulation No. 101 Rev.3.
planetary_ratio
It is the ratio existing between the planetary speed and the final drive speed during electric drive (engine speed =0). The planetary speed is the rotational speed of the planetary gearset side that is not the engine nor the final drive side (the branch that goes to the motor P2 planetary, referred to as the planetary side in this documentation).
initial_drive_battery_state_of_charge
It is the initial state of charge of the drive battery at the beginning of the test.
drive_battery_n_cells
It is the number of cells of the drive battery.
drive_battery_technology

If is the technology of the drive battery. The technologies included in CO2MPAS are:

• NiMH: Nickel-metal hydride
• Li-NCA (Li-Ni-Co-Al): Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide
• Li-NCM (Li-Ni-Mn-Co): Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide
• Li-MO (Li-Mn): Lithium Manganese Oxide
• Li-FP (Li-Fe-P): Lithium Iron Phosphate
• Li-TO (Li-Ti): Lithium Titanate Oxide
drive_battery_capacity
Capacity [Ah] of the drive battery, e.g. the high voltage battery.
drive_battery_nominal_voltage
Drive battery nominal voltage [V], e.g. the nominal voltage of the high voltage battery.
motor_p0_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P0 [kW].
motor_p0_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P0 [Nm].
motor_p0_speed_ratio
The ratio between motor P0 speed and engine speed [-] (e.g. motor P0 connected to the engine belt with ratio equal to 3 is spinning three times faster than the engine).
motor_p1_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P1 [kW].
motor_p1_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P1 [Nm].
motor_p1_speed_ratio
The ratio between motor P1 speed and engine speed [-] (e.g. motor P1 connected to the engine crankshaft with ratio equal to 3 is spinning three times faster than the engine).
motor_p2_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P2 [kW].
motor_p2_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P2 [Nm].
motor_p2_speed_ratio
The ratio between motor P2 speed and transmission input speed [-] (motor P2 speed is proportional to wheels rotational speed multiplied by the final drive ratio and the transmission gear ratio).
motor_p2_planetary_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P2 planetary [kW].
motor_p2_planetary_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P2 planetary [Nm].
motor_p2_planetary_speed_ratio
The ratio between planetary motor P2 speed and planetary side (branch that goes to planetary motor P2) speed.
motor_p3_front_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P3 front [kW].
motor_p3_front_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P3 front [Nm].
motor_p3_front_speed_ratio
The ratio between motor P3 front speed and final drive input speed [-] (motor P3 front speed is equal to wheels rotational speed multiplied by the final drive ratio and ), where final drive input speed is the rotational speed of the shaft downstream the gearbox (therefore it’s part of the engine driveline).
motor_p3_rear_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P3 rear [kW].
motor_p3_rear_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P3 rear [Nm].
motor_p3_rear_speed_ratio
The ratio between motor P3 rear speed and final drive input speed [-] (motor P3 rear speed is proportional to wheels rotational speed multiplied by the final drive ratio), where final drive input speed is the rotational speed of the shaft downstream the gearbox (therefore it’s part of the engine driveline).
motor_p4_front_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P4 front [kW]. When two P4 motors are present on the same axle, their specifications have to be combined to obtain an equivalent single motor in P4 position.
motor_p4_front_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P4 front [Nm]. When two P4 motors are present on the same axle, their specifications have to be combined to obtain an equivalent single motor in P4 position.
motor_p4_front_speed_ratio
The ratio between motor P4 front speed and wheels speed [-] (motor P4 front speed is proportional to wheels rotational speed).
motor_p4_rear_maximum_power
Maximum power (i.e., the rated power) output of motor P4 rear [kW]. When two P4 motors are present on the same axle, their specifications have to be combined to obtain an equivalent single motor in P4 position.
motor_p4_rear_maximum_torque
Maximum torque output of motor P4 rear [Nm]. When two P4 motors are present on the same axle, their specifications have to be combined to obtain an equivalent single motor in P4 position.
motor_p4_rear_speed_ratio
The ratio between motor P4 rear speed and wheels speed [-] (motor P4 rear speed is proportional to wheels rotational speed).

## Time Series¶

times
It is the time vector [s].
velocities
It is the actual vehicle speed vector [km/h] from the dynamometer.
obd_velocities
It is the actual vehicle speed vector [km/h] from the OBD.
gears
It is the actual gear vector [-]. If the name of the parameter is target.calibration.gears it refers to the theoretical gears calculated according to Heinz Steven tool [-].
bag_phases
It is the array to associate time values with different bag phases (this can be used to modify the duration of the phases from the default values).
engine_speeds_out
It is the actual engine rotational speed vector [rpm] from the OBD.
engine_coolant_temperatures
It is the actual engine coolant temperature vector [°C] from the OBD.
co2_normalization_references
It is the normalization reference for CO2 emissions (e.g. engine load, engine power output).
alternator_currents
It is the current vector produced by the alternator [A] (current is negative when the alternator is supplying power to the low-voltage electrical system).
service_battery_currents
It is the current vector flowing through the service battery [A] (current is positive when the battery is being charged, negative when discharged).
drive_battery_voltages
It is the voltage vector of the drive battery [V].
drive_battery_currents
It is the current flowing through the drive battery [A] (current is positive when the battery is being charged, negative when discharged).
dcdc_converter_currents
It is the current flowing through the DCDC converter measured on the low-voltage side [A] (current is negative when the DCDC converter is supplying power to the low-voltage electrical system).

## General Terms¶

type-approval
It is the authority that grants that a vehicle conforms to the EU Regulation.
EU legislation
COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2017/1152: sets out a methodology for determining the correlation parameters necessary for reflecting the change in the regulatory test procedure with regard to light commercial vehicles. COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2017/1153: sets out a methodology for determining the correlation parameters necessary for reflecting the change in the regulatory test procedure and amending Regulation (EU) No 1014/2010.